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Type hints cheat sheet (Python 3) ¶ This document is a quick cheat sheet showing how the PEP 484 type annotation notation represents various common types in Python 3. Python For Data Science Cheat Sheet Python Basics Learn More Python for Data Science Interactively at www.datacamp.com Variable Assignment Strings x=5 x 5 x + 2 Sum of two variables 7 x - 2 Subtraction of two variables 3 x. 2 Multiplication of two variables 10. Python 3 Cheat Sheet. Free Bonus: Python Cheat Sheet. Get a Python Cheat Sheet (PDF) and learn the basics of Python 3, like working with data types, dictionaries, lists, and Python functions.
This document is a quick cheat sheet showing how the PEP 484 typeannotation notation represents various common types in Python 3.
In Python, methods are functions that are defined as part of a class. It is common practice that the first argument of any method that is part of a class is the actual object calling the method. This argument is usually called self.
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Note
Technically many of the type annotations shown below are redundant,because mypy can derive them from the type of the expression. Somany of the examples have a dual purpose: show how to write theannotation, and show the inferred types.
Variables¶
Python 3.6 introduced a syntax for annotating variables in PEP 526and we use it in most examples.
Built-in types¶
Functions¶
Python 3 supports an annotation syntax for function declarations.
When you’re puzzled or when things are complicated¶
Standard “duck types”¶
In typical Python code, many functions that can take a list or a dictas an argument only need their argument to be somehow “list-like” or“dict-like”. A specific meaning of “list-like” or “dict-like” (orsomething-else-like) is called a “duck type”, and several duck typesthat are common in idiomatic Python are standardized.
You can even make your own duck types using Protocols and structural subtyping.
Classes¶
Coroutines and asyncio¶
See Typing async/await for the full detail on typing coroutines and asynchronous code.
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Miscellaneous¶
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Decorators¶
Decorator functions can be expressed via generics. SeeDeclaring decorators for more details.